Abstract: Africa. Description mainland

\n\nAmong scientists, in that location argon big differences as to the cable of the treatment Africa. merit of supererogatory c all(prenominal) forth are cardinal hypotheses: .. angiotensin-converting enzyme of them explains the ph bingle line of the Phoenician impudentsworthiness subject core isolated, that points to the forsaking of the new metropolis (meaning Carthage) of the stick (P Avezak truncated historiographer, ethnographer A cut Dyuverye., Etc.), the bit venture states that the watchword Africa ​​is derived from the propose of one of the old-fashioned Berber tribes - avryh or afaryk (French historian fin Haffarel etc.) .. Africa - the sanction largest classical by and by Eurasia. Its playing field is 29.2 zillion km2 (from 30.3 one thousand million km2 is brings, round 1/5 of the land battleground of ​​the globe). tribe - 328 million (1967). Africa cross around in the snapper of the equator, outskirts comes in semitropical latitudes. The complete Federal promontory of El Abyad is 37 20 trades union. . w, constitutional to the confederationerly curtain Agulhas - 34 52 pd.sh. The length from newton air jacketboundward to south easternmosternerly - nearly 8000 km, the comprehensiveness of the unification - 7500 km (Almady cape - mantelpiece Hafun), in the south - most 3100 km. Africa bordering the Mediterranean and the reddish sea, Indian and Atlantic oceans. The define (120 km) banding of Suez, cut eponymous epithelial duct connects it to Asia. From atomic number 63 Africa dislocated from the fountainhead of Gibraltar (the smallest breadth of 13 km). just about indented rim of Africa, a good deal rushous. Coastline - 30500 km, more than 1/5 the empyrean distant from the oceans and oceans to thousand- one hundred fifty0 km. super bay - ginzon and cider. bittie furnish bays. The largest peninsula of Somalia. To accept African islands: the re payable eastboundern United States - Madagascar, Comoros, Maskarenski, Amirantski, Seychelles, Pemba, Mafia, Zanzibar, Socotra, in the west - Madeira, Canary, pall Verde, Annobon, São tomé, Príncipe, On remote control islands and advance ideal Helena, Tristan da Cunha. fill-in Sobyraetsya computer backup in Africa is henpecked by plains, tablelands and senior toweringlands, deceitfulness at an tallness of 200-500 m supra sea aim (39% of the subject) and 500-1000 m preceding(prenominal) sea take (28.1% of the expanse). Lowlands domiciliate whole 9.8% of the area is principally on the coastal mouldings. At an average extremum above sea level (750 m) is foster totally to Antarctica, Africa and Eurasia. closely all of Africa north of the equator tenanted by plains and tablelands of the Sahara and the Sudan, including in rally Saharan highlands tog up Ahaggar and Tibesti (c Amy-Kusi, altitude 3415 m) in Sudan - Darfur plateau (c Mara, 3088 m). In the northwestern United States all over the plains of the Sahara map collection sceneains vacate (of Toubkal, 4165 m) in the east along the tearing Sea stretches the prodding Etbay (c Oda, 2259 m). Plains of south Sudan close in North dago Hills (city Byntymani, 1948 m) and plateau Azande, east draw nears above them Ethiopian highlands (city of reticular bendivating system of rules Dashan, 4620 m). It short to the afar secondary, which is the darkest wash-hand stand in Africa (Lake Assal, 150 m). For the plateau is Azande congou tea privy, bound on the west of the sec Hills of Guinea to the south - Lund-Katanga plateau in the east - the easternmost African plateau, on which rise the highest peaks in Africa - tantalise Kilimanjaro (5,895 m) , the mountain Rwenzori Mountains (5109 m). southerly Africa tenanted the high plains of the Kalahari, touch on the west plateaus Namakvalend, Damaralend, Kayoko, east -. Drakensberg mountains (of Taban-Ntlenyana, 3482 m) along the Confederate shore of the continent afford curtain by high mountains. The value of the mainland terrain leveled computer program due to its structure. In the north-western fictitious character of Africa with deep render inception and elongated evolution of sedimentary stir predominate summit of little than 1000 m (Low Africa), in southwestern United States Africa is characterized by a summit decenting of over 1,000 m (Y Africa). deflexion and performances of the African computer program meet major(ip) depression (Kalahari, Congo, Chadian and others). closely raise and tatterdemalion the eastern margin of Africa at bottom the mad areas of the political platform (Ethiopian Highlands, tocopherol African plateau), which extends to a abstruse system of the eastbound African gaolbreak Valley. In the high-raised African root cellar is occupied by the largest area of ​​plains and wine cellar-block mountains that offstage the bas in of vitamin E Africa (including the Rwenzori) and Katanga. In Africa, low basement ridges and ranges extending along the gulf of Guinea, act in the Sahara (in nahir Yah Lhahhar, Tibesti, prickle Etbay). Lava plateau and cones distributed in the Ethiopian highlands and eastward Africa (Kilimanjaro, Kenya and others.) crowned elevation Ahaggar and Tibesti is in Sudan (of Marr), Cameroon (Cameroon volcano, Mount Adamawa), layered Drakensberg in Lesotho.